PTGS2 and Autoimmunity: The chronic low-grade inflammation associated with the above dietary patterns and consequent development of autoimmunity is triggered at the molecular level by the activation of several signaling pathways, which includes signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), IκB kinase (IKK), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), and nuclear factor kappa-light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-Kβ) [24].