Our findings revealed that a total of 12 PSMs exhibited higher expression in AML compared to MNCs, specifically PSMA1, PSMA2, PSMA4, PSMA5, PSMA7, PSMB1, PSMD2, PSMD3, PSMD4, PSMD8, PSMD13, and PSMG2. Here, PSMA4 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.