According to Lee et al., bone marrow-derived MSCs exert neuroprotective effects on AD models that are underpinned by cellular and molecular mechanisms, and CCL5, which is secreted from blood-derived MSCs, recruits alternative microglia to the AD brain, thereby reducing Aβ deposition and memory impairment through the production of IL-4 and MME [77,78]. The gene discussed is IL4; the disease is Alzheimer disease.