SIRT1 exerts a renoprotective effect in DKD in part through the deacetylation of transcription factors involved in disease pathogenesis (e.g., p53, FOXO, RelA/p65NF-κB, STAT3, and PGC1α/PPARγ), and SIRT1 agonists may be a novel therapy to halt the progression of DKD [46]. This evidence concerns the gene RELA and diabetic kidney disease.