Given the widely documented role of DNA/RNA sensors like cGAS-STING and MAVS in facilitating diverse cell death pathways in antitumor immune response [42,43], we aimed to determine whether PBMC-EXs from BR versus NR patients, carrying different levels of STING and MAVS, could differentially affect cell viability in SCLC cell lines. The gene discussed is STING1; the disease is small cell lung carcinoma.