NLRP3 and atrial fibrillation: In the current study, we reported that: (i) the upregulation of BMP2 in the atria of both AF patients and animal models, (ii) BMP2 inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and atrial fibrosis to alleviate the inducibility of Ang-II-induced AF, (iii) BMP2 exerts an anti-inflammation and anti-fibrogenic role in atrial fibroblasts to ameliorate Ang-II-related fibrogenesis.