It is, therefore, believed that the Th17 response plays a crucial role in those pathological conditions characterized by a state of neuroinflammation as shown by studies on autoimmune encephalitis (AE) [54] and multiple sclerosis (MS) [59], in which CSF IL-17A levels are increased and correlated with BBB injury [60]. The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.