The effect of BMI on musculoskeletal, pulmonary, or renal traits is more balanced, with some associations, such as the ones with arthrosis, asthma, or urate levels and chronic kidney disease (CKD), appearing to be driven by BMI, while others, such as hand grip strength, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or cystatin C levels and acute kidney injury (AKI), remaining significant upon BMI adjustment. This evidence concerns the gene CST3 and osteoarthritis.