INS and diabetes mellitus: DM has an impact that goes beyond only its prevalence; in 2021, it caused 6.7 million fatalities, or 1 death every 5 seconds.[1] Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) accounts for 90% of all diabetes cases and is distinguished by insufficient insulin secretion by pancreatic islet cells, tissue insulin resistance, and an insufficient compensatory insulin secretory response.[2,3]