Fibronectin type III structural domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), which is regarded as a prohormone, is cleaved proteolytically followed by the release of irisin.[70] Liu study[71] revealed that the development of hepatocellular carcinoma may be promoted and accelerated by the upregulated expression of FNDC5, probably though suppressing the activation of NF-κB pathway and NLRP3. This evidence concerns the gene FNDC5 and hepatocellular carcinoma.