ARAF and pulmonary tuberculosis: For example, in a study conducted in Thailand [20], Mtb isolates from patients with meningeal TB and patients with pulmonary TB were compared, and it was found that 242 gene variants were common in isolates of meningeal TB and rare in isolates from pulmonary TB, highlighting 28 nonsense SNPs that affected genes such as pks and some of the PE/PPE genes, in addition to a greater number of structural variants in the isolates that cause pulmonary TB.