GRK2 and myocardial ischemia: Additionally, HLFs enhanced the expression of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) and inhibited the expression of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in the ischemic myocardium, which conveys that HLFs have protective effects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, potentially through anti-inflammatory mechanisms and modulation of GRK2 and NF-κB pathways [69].