Oral irreversible, mutant-selective, CNS-active, third-generation EGFR-TKI osimertinib has significantly improved clinical outcomes in the metastatic setting [22,23]; thus, the phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled ADAURA trial also investigated its effect in the adjuvant setting in 682 patients with completely resected stage IB (≥4 cm)–IIIA (AJCC—American Joint Committee on Cancer—VII edition) NSCLC harboring EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R mutations who had radical tumor resection, with or without prior adjuvant chemotherapy [44]. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.