A Phase 1 trial involved 42 patients diagnosed with unresectable or recurrent pancreatic cancer who were vaccinated with MUC1-DCs—DCs transfected with MUC1-mRNA via electroporation—in conjunction with gemcitabine and MUC1-induced cytotoxic lymphocytes, MUC1-CTLs. Here, MUC1 is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.