VEGFA and hepatocellular carcinoma: TPGs can exert a strong inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells SMMC-7721 and can dose dependently suppress the migration of SMMC-7721 cells, a mechanism that may be associated with the downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression [63].