NFKB1 and neoplasm: Notable studies include Han C et al., who demonstrated that Ber modulates the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway to exert anti-tumor effects in bladder cancer [40]; Bingren Hu et al., who highlighted its efficacy against pancreatic cancer [41]; Parhi et al., who observed inhibitory effects on the growth of B16 melanoma in a C57BL/6 mouse model [42]; and Fu et al., who reported that Ber suppresses the accumulation of autophagosomes in breast cancer cells [38].