In line with our observations that C1orf106 promotes TGF-β-induced migration of murine breast cancer cells (Figure 3f,g), C1orf106 has also been shown to promote migration, invasion and metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer, which is proposed to occur via an FGF1-MMP9 axis [36]. Here, MMP9 is linked to thyroid gland papillary carcinoma.