These parameters included age, tumor stage (I, II, III, and IV), histological diagnosis (primarily infiltrating ductal carcinoma and lobular carcinoma), subtypes (ER+, HER2+, and TNBC), surgical methods (mainly lumpectomy, modified radical mastectomy, and simple mastectomy), and tissue sampling methods (primarily core needle biopsy, tumor resection, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy). This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and invasive ductal breast carcinoma.