AR and Familial prostate cancer: The effects of pesticides vinclozolin, its metabolite M2, and prochloraz on the rapid androgen signaling via the membrane androgen receptor “ZIP9” in prostate cancer cells were studied by Thomas et al. Known antagonists of nuclear androgen receptors, these pesticides were found to significantly displace testosterone from binding to ZIP9 at low concentrations (1 μM and 10 μM).