TNF and colorectal cancer: We found that NKp44+ ILC3s highly express LTA, LTB, and TNF in the tumors of patients with colorectal cancers at the T1 or T2 stage, as well as normal colon, and that these cells induce the expression of lymphoid structure formation-related chemokines (e.g., CXCL13, CCL9, and CCL21) and adhesion molecules (e.g., VCAM-1 and ICAM-1) in CD90+ mesenchymal stromal cells [204].