With the development of immunotherapy, ES-SCLC has ushered in a breakthrough in first-line treatment.7 Multiple phase III randomized controlled clinical studies have proved that the efficacy of anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitors, such as atezolizumab, durvalumab, serplulimab, adebrelimab, tislelizumab or toripalimab, combined with etoposide plus cisplatin/carboplatin is significantly better than platinum–etoposide doublet regimen. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is small cell lung carcinoma.