HLA-DRB1 and autoimmune disease: It is also noteworthy that one of the molecular networks that resulted from the functional analysis (Fig. 5) enclose HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DRB5 that have been confirmed implicated in MS and other autoimmune diseases (Irizar et al. 2012; Agliardi et al. 2023) as well as in AD and other NDs (Hampel et al. 2020).