We further identified two distinct CD20+CD27+CD24+CD40+CXCR4+CXCR5+ B-cell populations that were significantly elevated in HIV+ cART-naïve samples (MC14 and MC21), but that specifically expressed AICDA and cMYC in HIV+ pre-NHL (cART-naïve) samples (Figure 3D and Supplementary Table 5). Here, CD27 is linked to non-Hodgkin lymphoma.