We have reviewed the literature and found that high expression of BCAT1 is associated with acute and chronic myeloid leukemia (4, 8, 9), glioma (10–12), hepatocellular carcinoma (1, 10, 13–15), pancreatic cancer (16), gastric cancer (17, 18), colorectal cancer (19–21), melanoma (22), breast cancer (23–27), uroepithelial cancer (28), prostate cancer (29), osteosarcoma (30), ovarian cancer (31), endometrial cancer (32), nasopharyngeal cancer (33), esophageal squamous carcinoma (34), and non-small-cell lung cancer (35–37) have been implicated in the progression and prognosis of these cancers. The gene discussed is BCAT1; the disease is central nervous system cancer.