CDKN1A and metastatic neoplasm: As indicated in Figure 3, high levels of the RARα and RARβ mRNAs correlated with: stage-IV gastric cancer (RARα, p= 0.004; RARβ, p=0.004), de novo metastatic disease (RARα, p=0.007; RARβ, p<0.001), MSS (RARα, p<0.001; RARβ, p<0.001), EMT (RARα, p<0.001; RARβ, p<0.001) as well as high levels of the PIK3CA (RARα, p<0.001; RARβ, p<0.001), CDKN1A (RARα, p=0.015; RARβ, p<0.001) and TP53 (RARα, p= 0.015; RARβ, p<0.001) mRNAs.