Additionally, TREM2, primarily located on microglial surfaces, plays a crucial role in phagocytosis and the inflammatory response, with loss-of-function mutations resulting in early onset dementia, including Nasu-Hakola disease (Jay et al., 2017; Ulland and Colonna, 2018; Kleinberger et al., 2014; Paloneva et al., 2002). The gene discussed is TREM2; the disease is dementia.