Table 1 compiles the clinical and biological characteristics of these cases. The locations of the GLRX5 variants associated with NKH are displayed in Figure 3A in comparison to the variants linked to congenital sideroblastic anemia (CSA) (Liu et al., 2014; Liu et al., 2016; Camaschella et al., 2007; Daher et al., 2019; Melo Arias et al., 2023). This evidence concerns the gene GLRX5 and chromosome-type aberration frequency.