TMEM106B and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: In support of this hypothesis, homozygosity for the minor allele has been shown to protect C9orf72 carriers from developing FTD but not from developing ALS.10 Moreover, discordance between the presence of disease pathology and effects on cognition in the aging population is a known phenomenon, and TMEM106B has been suggested as a potential modifier of this “cognitive resilience,” with the minor allele of TMEM106B rs1990622 being associated with a better performance than expected based on pathologic burden.42