Enrichment of NGFR not only induces the expression of phospho-ERK1 / 2 and endogenous NGFR, but also promotes lymphangiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo.138 Prior research has demonstrated that VEGF-C and VEGF-A are crucial in lymphangiogenesis.239,240 Tumor-derived EVs can interact with lymphatic endothelial cells (such as VCAM-1 and Ltb) in lymph nodes, resulting in immunosuppression during lymph node remodeling and facilitating the formation of the PMN.139. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and neoplasm.