EIF4EBP1 and infection: While infection with EPEC-ΔespH/pEspHwt showed a significant reduction of pAkt and p4EBP1 levels compared to EPEC-ΔespH, cells infected with EPEC-ΔespH/pEspHY68A displayed an impaired ability to dephosphorylate Akt and 4EBP1 (Figure 8c).