Activation of the NLRP3-Caspase-1-GSDMD signaling pathway is an important mechanism of DKD kidney inflammation.[41,42] High glucose and high insulin increase AGEs, which leads to oxidative stress, promotes excessive ROS production, activates NLRP3, recruits ASC and procaspase-1, forms the NLRP3 inflammasome, and promotes procaspase-1 self-cleavage and activation. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.