CD28 and cervical carcinoma: Effective treatment for cervical cancer can be achieved by utilizing targeted therapy at an early stage, combined with appropriate chemotherapy drugs, which can stimulate the immune system of the host.[31] Elevated levels of TGFB1 and TGFBR1 in cervical cancer patients were associated with a lower OS, while BTLA, KLRK1, CD80, and CD28 expression had an inverse relationship with OS.