Indeed, Li et al. revealed that control individuals exhibited 100% methylation of H19 imprinting control region (ICR), while infertile males with asthenozoospermia and oligozoospermia showed hypomethylation (a methylation status of around 94%) of H19, with the average methylation rates of CpG 1, 3, and 6 in the infertile group being statistically different from those in the normal control group [17]. Here, H19 is linked to Reduced sperm motility.