The mechanism of OPN4 in the development of NSCLC has also been clearly elucidated, that is, OPN4 first binds to Gα11 to activate PCK, and then PCK phosphorylation activates its downstream signaling pathway BRAF/MEK/ERKs, which mediates NSCLC cell proliferation and migration. Here, BRAF is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.