For FDA-approved antibodies, two antibodies against PD-1 (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) and two antibodies against PD-L1 (atezolizumab and durvalumab) (109–112) have shown significant clinical benefits in NSCLC patients, with improved overall survival and progression-free survival compared to traditional chemotherapy in certain patient subgroups (113). The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.