IGFBP5 (FC + 4.02, P < 0.0001), IGF1 (FC + 3.60, P < 0.0001), and ADAMTS5 (FC = 3.50, P < 0.0001) were the most significantly upregulated genes in the ISC group of CF (Fig. 3H) (Supplementary File 1). The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is cystic fibrosis.