VWF and aneurysm: Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, such as von Willebrand factor (vWF) (Hussain et al., 2015; Ma et al., 2021) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) (Siasos et al., 2015; Miao and Liao, 2014), and markers of oxidative stress (Signorelli et al., 2018; Hussain et al., 2015), such as malondialdehyde (MDA) (Husseini and Laskowitz, 2010; Rodríguez-Rodríguez et al., 2014) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) (Duan et al., 2016; Korkmaz et al., 2018), have been explored as potential indicators of aneurysm risk.