This strongly supports that TUBA1C recruits MDSCs and Tregs via the PI3K/AKT pathway, inducing an immunosuppressive phenotype in macrophages and dysfunction in CD8+ T cells, thereby reshaping the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and mediating ICB resistance in ccRCC. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.