TLR4 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: For instance, halotherapy was found to alleviate oxidative stress in the lung tissues of COPD rats, diminish the accumulation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the lungs, and reduce the production of inflammatory factors in the serum by suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB/GSDMD and NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1 pathways.418 The success of halotherapy in alleviating pyroptosis in patients with COPD provides incentives for the more detailed exploration of physical treatments in respiratory diseases.