In addition to pathogens, different immunological stimuli (including interleukins, interferons, autoantibodies, and immune complexes), tumor-associated stimuli (including granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), C-X-C motif chemokine ligands (CXCLs)), lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and DAMPs can also promote the formation of NETs. This evidence concerns the gene CSF3 and neoplasm.