Interestingly, BAFF homeostasis disturbed by B cell depletion with rituximab (α-CD20) treatment results in the relapse of SLE with increased flares and anti-dsDNA in a manner that can be countered with combined belimumab treatment to prevent repopulation by autoreactive B cells (Atisha-Fregoso et al., 2021; Carter et al., 2013; Ehrenstein and Wing, 2016; Kraaij et al., 2021). Here, TNFSF13B is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.