NFKB1 and diabetes mellitus: AGER is a highly polymorphic gene involved in multiple pathways, such as nuclear factor (NF-κB), protein kinase B (AKT), p38 and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, which are activated to cause proinflammatory states in the body and may be linked to the growth and development of human autoimmune diseases (Nienhuis et al., 2009), diabetes complications, cancer (Malik et al., 2015), coronary heart disease and lung disease.