FFAR2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: For example, a strain of L. mesenteroides (L. mesenteroides EH-1) isolated from a fermented food was shown to produce butyric acid from fermentation in vitro and in vivo, which activated free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) and reduced blood glucose levels as well as the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in a type 1 diabetic mouse model (Traisaeng et al., 2020).