The HLA-E/NKG2A axis was recently identified as one important immune evasive mechanism in other viral infections such as HCMV, Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), or human papillomavirus (HPV) (32, 33). The gene discussed is HLA-E; the disease is viral infectious disease.