Similar to our patient cohort, the leukemia cells from the independent cohort also demonstrated significant enrichment of stem cell gene sets and gene sets associated with stem-like AML; gene sets associated with immature ALL, differentiated leukemia, KMT2A, ZNF384, and BCL11B-rearranged leukemias were not enriched (Supplementary Fig. 8b–d). This evidence concerns the gene ZNF384 and leukemia.