STING1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: STING1 has been increasingly implicated in inflammatory diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, cardiomyopathy, obesity, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, aging, and kidney injury, many of which are independent of type I IFNs (Skopelja-Gardner et al., 2022; Bai and Liu, 2021; Gao et al., 2023a).