APOL1 and Glomerular sclerosis: Proteinuria and glomerular sclerosis, which are clinical and histopathologic consequences of sustained podocyte injury, are hallmarks of AMKD.10, 11, 12 Podocyte injury and subsequent proteinuria, with a 3-fold higher incidence in carriers of APOL1 HRG are the early clinical manifestations of AMKD.11