Murine models of NLRP3 deficiency have shown NLRP3’s causal contribution to the pathogenesis of gout [10] and atherosclerosis [11], through activation by uric acid crystals and cholesterol crystals respectively, however, its mechanistic contribution to diseases including multiple sclerosis [12, 13], Alzheimer’s disease [14, 15], and diet-induced inflammation [16] remains to be clarified. Here, NLRP3 is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.