To evaluate how ligand-induced BIT affects SMOi sensitivity, we designed an ex vivo BIT induction scheme using our human patient-derived organoid models, where primary human BCC tumor tissues were embedded as small pieces in basement membrane extract and grown in organoid medium for 7 days with or without IL1A and OSM combination treatment (Fig. 7d). The gene discussed is IL1A; the disease is skin basal cell carcinoma.