In addition to being a promising diagnostic biomarker for various neurodegenerative diseases, GFAP can also be utilised for prognostic applications: rate of cognitive decline and higher risk of conversion to dementia (Benedet et al., 2021; Cicognola et al., 2021; Cullen et al., 2021; Verberk et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene GFAP and dementia.