In this study, we found that RNF144B expression was induced upon infection with EMCV (Fig. 1C); RNF144B impaired IRF3 activation and IFN-β production upon infection with EMCV (Figs. 1G and EV1H); Rnf144b deficiency or knockdown enhanced antiviral response of EMCV both in vitro and in vivo (Figs. 1I,J, EV4C,D and 6I), and RNF144B overexpression promoted EMCV replication (Fig. 1F). The gene discussed is IRF3; the disease is infection.